effects of cadmium on chemical markers in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) yield production

a greenhouse experiment was conducted in 2013 in research lab of karaj islamic azad university to determine the yield and activity of chemical markers as the response to different concentrations of cadmium (cd) (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg of cd/kg of soil) in wheat cultivars (karaj 1 and karaj 2). treatments were tested in a factorial experiment with four replications in 7.5 kg plastic pots. the response of seed yield and other parameters to cd was negative, but the rate of di-tyrosine (di-ty) was increased. in comparison of cultivars, karaj 1 had higher production and lower rates of di-ty at high concentrations of cd than karaj 2. there was a significant increase of di-ty in the leaf tissue due to cd increase. the effects of cd were high on measured characters in control treatments. this reaction was due to increase of di-ty by heavy metals in cultivars. finally cultivars need to have high tolerance to cd for optimum production of seed yield in this study at high concentrations of cadmium, but high yield in karaj 1 was related to low rates of di-ty.